Civil society

Civil society organisations (CSOs) – non-governmental groups such as trade unions, employers’ associations, human rights organisations and other social groups – are both partners for governments, and watchdogs.

• CSOs help raise awareness of rights, bring citizens’ concerns to government, and tackle issues in society – as advocates and service providers.
• However, CSOs in the Western Balkans often face obstacles – from financial constraints and marginalisation, to a shrinking space for exchange and dialogue. Some have faced harassment or even physical threats.
• The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated many of these challenges. Yet, at the same time, it also demonstrated the crucial role civil society plays as the link between citizens and governments.

To be effective, civil society organisations need to be able to do their work without unnecessary or arbitrary restrictions.

As evidence of democracy and good governance at work, a vibrant civil society is a condition for EU membership. The EU has been supporting civil society in the Western Balkans for many years, striving to build CSOs in the Western Balkans that are capable, accountable and resilient.

Substantial financial support comes from the pre-accession funds (Instrument for Pre-Accession – IPA), notably through the Civil Society Facility with a designated 3% of IPA funding. This was set up in 2008 in order to develop a more dynamic civil society that can engage in politics and influence decision-makers.

EU support has already helped scores of human rights organisations, women’s groups, environmental activists, youth associations and more, to grow. Training and study visits have helped CSOs build networks and share knowledge with other regional or EU partners.

Beyond funding, the EU plays a key role in encouraging public authorities to create an enabling environment for civil society, and crucially, in monitoring progress.