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Author: WeBalkans

Mirjon Mulgeci

YEA of the Month October 2024

My name is Mirjon Mulgeci and i am from Albania. I am currently a law student and passionate on international relations, politics and human rights. I strongly believe in the power of knowledge and education and the transformative power of youth. As a Young European Ambassador i advocate for the crucial role of young people on shaping the future of their countries. I am also committed to promote European values mostly focused towards integration within the European Union. Through my role as a YEA, i strive to build up a better understanding of European democratic principles among young people and advocate for their active participation on shaping the European future.

European Commission welcomes inclusion of Albania and Montenegro in the Single Euro Payments Area

Montenegro and Albania advanced on their European integration path by becoming the first-ever enlargement countries to join the geographical scope of the Single Euro Payments Area (SEPA) following the green light by the European Payments Council (EPC). This is a practical example of the impact of the Growth Plan, an EU initiative to accelerate the socio-economic integration of the Western Balkans into the EU, including through progressive access to certain areas of the EU single market based on alignment with the EU acquis Communautaire.   As a result of the European Payments Council decision, the payment service providers of these two countries will have the possibility to adhere to the various SEPA schemes, which is part of a separate process managed by the EPC.   This step paves the way to facilitate financial transfers in euro and reduce the cost of these transactions between the two countries and other SEPA members. The European Commission, through a project funded under the IPA instrument and implemented by the World Bank, will continue to support the preparation of Montenegro and Albania’s payments service providers, as well as the other Western Balkan countries aiming to join the geographical scope of SEPA in the near future.  

Background

The European Payments Council (EPC) is an independent, international not-for-profit association formed of 79 members who are payment service providers (PSPs) or associations of PSPs. The EPC was created in 2002 by the European banking industry to develop European instruments for electronic euro payments. Today, close to 4000 banks and other payment service providers participate in SEPA schemes.   Since then, in close dialogue with the stakeholder community, the EPC has developed, among other things, “schemes”, such as the SEPA Credit Transfer, the SEPA Instant Credit Transfer, the SEPA Direct Debit (SDD) Core and the SDD Business-to-Business payment schemes. These schemes, which facilitate over 50 billion transactions in 36 countries each year, are regularly updated and enhanced by the EPC to help realise easy cross-border euro payments.  

More Information

Factsheet on the Growth Plan EPC press release on Montenegro EPC press release on Albania  

Check our video to learn more about SEPA

CEMPROM’s green revolution: How the EU is helping a Serbian business lead the way in sustainability

In Preljina, CEMPROM, a major player in concrete production, has demonstrated that sustainability and business success can go hand in hand. Benefiting from the Ecoloans programme—financed by the German Development Bank (KfW) and supported by the EU’s Regional Energy Efficiency Programme (REEP)—the company has made substantial strides towards greener operations.    Founded in 1992, CEMPROM has grown from producing concrete blocks and bagging cement to becoming a leader in concrete production, with projects including Corridor E 763 and local construction partnerships. Today, with a fleet of over 100 trucks and employing 150 people, the company can produce approximately 300,000 tons of concrete annually.    Through a €820,000 investment facilitated by UniCredit Bank, CEMPROM upgraded its fleet to methane-powered vehicles. This has cut fuel consumption by 42%, reduced nitrogen oxide emissions by 32%, and cut carbon dioxide emissions by 56%, with additional significant cuts in unburned hydrocarbons and particulates. Financially, these changes bring savings of around 20% annually, with the investment expected to repay itself within four to five years. Dejan Isailović, CEMPROM’s Director of Production, highlights these initiatives as both economically and environmentally strategic, contributing to the company’s sustainable growth and job creation. 

Our unwavering commitment to environmentally driven business has always been a priority. This journey has opened up new horizons for us, making it possible to deliver larger quantities for crucial projects and expand into new services like cement transport.

CEMPROM’s commitment to sustainability goes beyond its fleet. It integrates wastewater into production and repurposes leftover materials for local use, reflecting its dedication to community support and resource efficiency. This proactive approach inspires peers, as CEMPROM sets a high benchmark for energy efficiency and environmental responsibility.  The Ecoloans programme, integral to Serbia’s path toward a greener economy, addresses two primary challenges for SMEs: limited long-term financing and the need for sustainable business awareness. With €120 million channelled into Serbian banks, the programme aids businesses in cutting energy costs and reducing emissions. It is part of the REEP under the Western Balkans Investment Framework, showcasing strong EU and German support.    Despite the initial high costs of adopting green practices, Isailović urges SMEs to embrace sustainability, emphasising the short payback period and broad benefits.   The Ecoloans program, financed by the German Development Bank and supported by EU has provided €120 million into Serbian commercial banks. The program is a key component of the Regional Energy Efficiency Program (REEP).          “There is a pressing need for more awareness regarding sustainable and green business practices,” he notes. “The best way to dispel doubts is through open dialogue and learning from companies that have already embarked on this journey and achieved savings and improved production.” 

Fatbardh Kabashi

YEA of the Month September 2024

I’m Fatbardh Kabashi and I come from a grape-town in Kosovo called Rahovec. I am a young person who creates art, studies design and founded the social entrepreneurship ‘Wooden Eyes’, which creates arts-and-crafts products. I also support marginalised groups in various spheres.
I have participated in numerous youth workshops in Kosovo and have volunteered for numerous activities. I am in love with cities I have not seen, people I have not met and cultures I do not know, and this gives me the enthusiasm to take part in various workshops and activities. As I believe that young people have the strength to make a difference for the better, I work towards this at every given opportunity.
We have to be together, because together we are better. Together, we can change the world.

The European Commission adopts 2024 Enlargement Package

Today, the European Commission adopted its annual Enlargement Package, providing a detailed assessment of the state of play and the progress made by Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, Georgia, the Republic of Moldova, Ukraine and Türkiye, on their respective paths towards EU accession. The assessments are accompanied by recommendations and guidance on the reform priorities. 

 

Enlargement is a historic opportunity both for the acceding countries and for the current Member States and the EU as a whole. There are significant socio-economic, political and security advantages of a bigger and stronger Union. 

 

European Commission President, Ursula von der Leyen, said: “The tense geopolitical context makes it more compelling than ever that we complete the reunification of our continent, under the same values of democracy and the rule of law. We have already taken great strides over the last years towards integrating new Member States. And enlargement will remain a top priority of the new Commission”. 

 

The enlargement process continues to be merit-based and depends on the objective progress made by each of the partners. This requires determination to implement irreversible reforms in all areas of EU law, with special emphasis on the fundamentals of the enlargement process. Democracy, the rule of law and fundamental values will continue to be the cornerstones of the EU’s enlargement policy. EU membership remains a strategic choice. 

 

The enlargement process gained new momentum throughout 2023 and 2024. The fundamentals cluster was opened with Albania on 15 October 2024. Accession negotiations were opened with Ukraine and Moldova at the first intergovernmental conferences in June 2024. Having met the interim benchmarks for the rule of law chapters, Montenegro is on the way to provisionally closing further negotiating chapters. In March 2024, the European Council decided to open accession negotiations with Bosnia and Herzegovina. The screening process was completed with both Albania and North Macedonia at the end of 2023. 

 

In June 2024 the intergovernmental conference confirmed that Montenegro overall met the interim benchmarks for the rule of law chapters 23 and 24, providing the opportunity to proceed with provisionally closing further chapters if conditions are met. In the rule of law area and judiciary further progress is needed. 

 

The Commission reiterates its assessment that Serbia has fulfilled the benchmarks to open cluster 3 (Competitiveness and inclusive growth). In the coming year, Serbia is expected to speed up the work on the implementation of EU-accession related reforms across the board, with a particular focus on the rule of law interim benchmarks as well as ensuring a truly enabling environment for civil society and media, making credible efforts to shut down disinformation and foreign information manipulation. 

 

When it comes to Albania, the Commission welcomes the opening of negotiations on the fundamentals cluster at the second intergovernmental conference held on 15 October 2024. It is crucial for the authorities to further intensify the pace of EU oriented reforms, notably on the rule of law, consolidating the track record on law enforcement, on effectively fighting corruption and organised crime, and the promotion of fundamental rights, including media freedom, property rights, and minorities. 

 

In the case of North Macedonia, the country needs to continue to deliver on the implementation of EU-related reforms, in particular under the fundamentals cluster, notably the judiciary, the fight against corruption and organised crime. Trust in the justice system needs to be strengthened. The screening sessions for all the six clusters of the EU acquis were completed in December 2023. 

 

Bosnia and Herzegovina demonstrated tangible results including on migration management, full alignment with the EU’s common and foreign security policy, as well as by passing legislation on integrity of the judiciary, anti-money laundering and conflict of interest. In March 2024 the European Council decided to open accession negotiations with Bosnia and Herzegovina.The Commission is preparing the negotiating framework with a view to its adoption by the Council the moment all relevant steps set out in the Commission’s recommendation of October 2022 are taken. 

 

Kosovo submitted an application for EU membership in December 2022. The Commission remains available to prepare an Opinion on Kosovo’s membership application as soon as the Council requests it. Progress was recorded in the fight against organised crime, and the business environment improved. Visa liberalisation for Kosovo entered into force on 1 January 2024. Kosovo needs to intensify its efforts to strengthen the rule of law and public administration and to protect freedom of expression. 

 

Next steps 

It is now for the Council to consider today’s recommendations of the Commission and take decisions on the steps ahead in the enlargement process. 

 

For More Information 

2024 Communication on EU Enlargement Policy 

Factsheet on the EU accession process 

 

For detailed findings and recommendations on each country, see: 

Albania: Report; Country factsheet 

Bosnia and Herzegovina: Report; Country factsheet 

Kosovo: Report; Country factsheet 

Montenegro: Report; Country factsheet 

NorthMacedonia: Report; Country factsheet 

Serbia: Report; Country factsheet 

 

Background  

EU enlargement will bring far reaching socio-economic benefits to its current and future members. The increase in the number of consumers in the single market will provide major opportunities for business to expand and trade more freely. To enable sustainable growth in the medium term and make progress in meeting the economic criteria for EU membership, it is increasingly important that enlargement countries accelerate structural reforms. This involves ensuring functioning market economies and demonstrating capacity to cope with competitive pressure and market forces in the EU. Economic policies should also support ambitious goals under the green and digital transition. 

 

New tools and instruments are boosting the socio-economic growth in the Western Balkans partner countries. As the accession process accelerates, the EU is bringing forward some of the benefits of single market and providing increased financial assistance to enable our partners’ gradual integration andanchoring in the EU. In addition to the successful Economic and Investment Plans, the Growth Plan for the Western Balkans with its €6 billion Reform & Growth Facility is incentivising reforms, with justice and the rule of law at the core.  

Ursula von der Leyen’s Western Balkans tour: A path towards closer EU ties

From 23 October, the President of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, visited the Western Balkans, where she reaffirmed the EU’s support for economic reforms, regional cooperation, and immediate aid for flood recovery. Her visit, following the approval of the Reform Agendas, underscored EU support for socio-economic reforms and regional cooperation. Starting in Tirana, Albania, she inaugurated the College of Europe campus, highlighting opportunities for young leaders. As she travelled through Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia, she emphasised economic integration, support for renewable energy, and the promise of closer ties with the European Union. Throughout her visit, von der Leyen praised the reforms undertaken by each country and announced substantial EU investments to bolster infrastructure and clean energy projects. Her message was consistent: the EU is committed to supporting the region’s progress towards EU integration, with the Growth Plan offering both immediate aid and long-term investments. From addressing climate challenges in Bosnia and Herzegovina to advancing energy projects in Montenegro, von der Leyen’s tour reflected a commitment to a future where Western Balkan partners play a vital role within the European Union.

My thoughts are with the victims and the families and friends they left behind. Europe is by your side. Europe stands with you, and we are here not only for the short run but also for the mid and long-term.

Ursula von der Leyen, during her visit to the region hardest hit by the floods in Jablanica, Bosnia and Herzegovina  In Tirana she met with President Bajram Begaj and Prime Minister Edi Rama where she focused on Albania’s EU integration and the EU’s Growth Plan, and highlighted renewable energy initiatives and EU solidarity on climate challenges. The next day, she visited North Macedonia to meet President Gordana Siljanovska-Davkova and Prime Minister Hristijan Mickoski, where she focused on EU support through the Growth Plan and efforts towards economic integration.

We open the door to specific sectors in the Single Market of the European Union to the companies of our Western Balkan partners. In turn, our partners in the Western Balkans are implementing important reforms to establish a level playing field. And these reforms are supported by us, through additional European investments.

              On 25 October, she travelled to Bosnia and Herzegovina, where she met with Chairwoman Borjana Krišto in Sarajevo. There, sheannounced €20 million in immediate aid for flood recovery and highlighted the EU’s Growth Plan to support regional integration. Later that day, she travelled to Belgrade, Serbia, where she met with President Aleksandar Vučić. Their discussions focused on Serbia’s progress towards EU membership, with von der Leyen emphasising Growth Plan investments aimed at bolstering Serbia’s economic integration and infrastructure development. In Kosovo, she met with President Vjosa Osmani-Sadriu and Prime Minister Albin Kurti, where she praised Kosovo’s progress on EU integration, including the recent implementation of visa-free travel, and stressed the importance of regional cooperation. In her final stop in, Montenegro, she met with Prime Minister Milojko Spajić in Podgorica. Their discussions focused on Montenegro’s EU accession efforts, with von der Leyen highlighting key EU investments in energy, infrastructure, and cybersecurity as part of Montenegro’s integration journey.

Collective action tears down stereotypes, lifts out of poverty

In cultural centres across Serbia, young Roma women and men are creating a thought-provoking art performance, asking: “What should a Roma look like?” Their narrative challenges stereotypes and breaks down barriers to Roma inclusion.

 

In Berat, Albania, young Roma are venturing into their local neighbourhoods to capture the stories of Roma returnees. Their goal is to share these stories with a wider audience and help overcome obstacles that make reintegration difficult.

 

Meanwhile, in Shuto Orizari, North Macedonia, Roma and returnees are coming together in community forums to voice their needs for better government services. This collaboration is resulting in the creation of a space where services will be more accessible to vulnerable groups and where dialogue between the government, civil society, and communities can take place.

 

These are just three examples of around 40 community-driven initiatives supporting Roma returnees to reintegrate and escape poverty, as part of the EU-funded UNDP Regional Returnee Reintegration Project. The project spans nine municipalities in Albania, North Macedonia, and Serbia.

 

With support from the EU and UNDP, Roma, returnees, and local communities are learning, working, and having fun together. Their cooperation challenges prejudices, breaks down barriers to inclusion, and improves the economic well-being of Roma and returnees alike.

 

This collaboration is recognised on the International Day for the Eradication of Poverty, highlighting the collective power to drive change and improve economic well-being and social recognition.

 

Creative expression for Inclusion

In Novi Sad, Serbia, young Roma are using their creativity to challenge stigma. Their performances, which ask the audience “What should a Roma look like?” encourage people to confront their own prejudices.

 

Actress Aleksandra Milojković Novikova brings this message to life at the Serbian National Theatre with her monodrama “Alone.” The performance calls on the audience to reflect and reminds us all that we can make a difference.

 

Supported by the EU and UNDP, these performances aim to break down stereotypes and show that everyone has a role in creating inclusive societies.

 

Giving voice to communities

Roma and returnee communities are often misrepresented in the media. To change this, young Roma have come together to become “community reporters.”

With support from the EU and UNDP, they are learning journalism and storytelling skills to amplify the voices of Roma and returnees.

In Berat, Albania, these reporters have spent time with Roma returnees, documenting their struggles and successes as they rebuild their lives. One story features a group of women returnees who have started a social business offering care and cleaning services. With media coverage, their business is growing.

This approach to community-led reporting demonstrates how media can advocate for the inclusion of vulnerable groups. You can explore their work through video documentaries and podcasts to learn more about Roma returnees’ challenges and successes.

Making public spaces and services work for people

In Shuto Orizari, Skopje, a new community space is being built to foster connections between the government and vulnerable groups, improving access to public services. The Shuto Orizari Resource Centre, a one-stop shop for returnees and other vulnerable individuals, was shaped through consultations with local communities to address their needs.

With EU and UNDP support, this centre is not only providing services but also creating a space for dialogue and cooperation between the government and the community. Over time, it will evolve based on the needs and contributions of the people who use it.

 

About the Project

The Reintegration of Returnees in the Western Balkans project focuses on breaking down the barriers that prevent vulnerable returnees from reintegrating into society. This project, part of the EU Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA) II, supports the rights of the Roma community and the reintegration of returnees, working with partners like UNDP, World Bank, and the Council of Europe.

In Albania, North Macedonia, and Serbia, the project is testing new approaches to sustainable reintegration at the local level. It also facilitates dialogue on improving policies and programmes across the Western Balkans to support vulnerable returnees.

Cooperation for inclusion and poverty reduction

Cooperation and community action are essential for inclusion and poverty reduction. By working together, both within the Roma community and with broader stakeholders, real change can happen. These efforts address immediate needs, like improving public services, while also tackling long-term challenges like prejudice.

When communities come together, they can achieve things individuals cannot. Through collective action, people can rise above poverty. On October 17, the International Day for the Eradication of Poverty, and every day, let’s recognise the power of working together to break down stigma and create a more inclusive world.

The European Commission approves reform agendas of Albania, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia

The European Commission has approved the Reform Agendas of Albania, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia, following the EU Member States’ positive opinion. These agendas outline key socio-economic and governance reforms that will drive growth and bring these countries closer to the EU under the Growth Plan for 2024-2027.   Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said: “I’m impressed by the work of our Western Balkan partners on their Reform Agendas. It shows that they are committed to the success of the Growth Plan. It’s our roadmap to bring the economies of the Western Balkans closer to ours. And to give their companies the access and the means to compete on our Single Market. Everyone benefits, and it’s a big leap forward towards the European Union”.   Commissioner for Neighbourhood and Enlargement Olivér Várhelyi said: The implementation of the ambitious Reform Agendas will bring an additional €6 billion support to the Western Balkans. As necessary reform steps and investment areas were defined in line with the Growth Plan for 2024-2027, we will bolster the market economy of the region and offer real-time benefits to citizens and businesses. With this tool in place, we strengthen the Common Regional Market and gradually integrate the region into the EU Single Market at the same time.”   The approval allows for the release of funds from the €6 billion Reform and Growth Facility, supporting investments in areas such as rule of law, governance, digital and green transitions, human capital, and business environment improvements.   Payments will be made twice a year until 2027, based on requests submitted by the Western Balkans partners and verification by the Commission of the three sets of conditions:
  • Pre-conditions of upholding democratic mechanisms, rule of law and respect for human rights. A specific pre-condition applies to Serbia and Kosovo who must engage constructively in the normalisation of their relations, including the implementation of all Dialogue agreements, which will be assessed taking into account the role and contribution of the European External Action Service.
  • General conditions of macro-financial stability and sound public financial management must be fulfilled before the disbursement of funds.
  • Payment conditions, i.e. fulfilling quantitative and qualitative steps, to which reforms are split.
  The Commission is looking forward to Bosnia and Herzegovina formally submitting their Reform Agenda to proceed with its assessment and continues supporting the authorities to finalise it, for the benefit of all citizens.   Background On 8 November 2023, the Commission adopted the Growth Plan for the Western Balkans. This ambitious Plan aims to accelerate the socio-economic convergence of the region with the EU and pave the way to EU membership. The Plan is supported by an increase of financial assistance through the new Reform and Growth Facility which entered into force on 25 May 2024. The Facility will complement the current financial assistance under the Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA III).   The Facility has a financial envelope of €6 billion, including €2 billion in grants and €4 billion in highly concessional loans. At least half of the total amount (grants and loans) will go to investments through the Western Balkans Investment Framework (WBIF).   The remaining amount of loans will be provided to the treasuries of the Western Balkan governments to accelerate growth based on socio-economic reforms.   For More Information   Commission Staff Working Document – Albania Commission Staff Working Document – Kosovo Commission Staff Working Document – Montenegro Commission Staff Working Document – North Macedonia Commission Staff Working Document – Serbia Reform and Growth Facility Regulation Factsheet on the Growth Plan Commission Implementing Decision

Bulgaria and North Macedonia reconfirm commitment to continue construction of Railway Corridor VIII

In a major step towards strengthening regional ties and boosting economic growth in Western Balkans, Bulgaria and North Macedonia have reaffirmed their commitment to the ambitious Railway Corridor VIII project. This vital transport link, which forms part of the EU’s TEN-T network, is set to revolutionise mobility and market access across the Western Balkans. 

 

At a high-level meeting held this week, key representatives, including Bulgaria’s Deputy Minister of Transport and Communications, Biser Mincher, and North Macedonia’s State Secretary for Transport, Stefan Volkanovski, alongside the EU Commission, EIB, EBRD, and the Transport Community Secretariat, agreed on crucial next steps. These include establishing a joint working group and holding regular high-level dialogues to ensure swift progress on the construction of the cross-border section of Corridor VIII. The meeting was hailed as a significant milestone, reaffirming the strong commitment of both countries to advancing this strategic project. 

 

Corridor VIII is more than just a railway—it’s a lifeline for regional cooperation and economic development. By enabling faster travel for goods and passengers, the corridor will enhance trade, increase competitiveness, and bring the region closer to the EU’s single market. With EU financial backing under the Economic and Investment Plan for the Western Balkans, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, and Albania are set to benefit from upgraded infrastructure and new railway connections, paving the way for greater prosperity. 

 

This critical corridor, part of the EU’s Global Gateway initiative, has the potential to transform the Western Balkans into a key transit hub, connecting the Eastern Mediterranean with Europe. With the ongoing support of the European Corridor Coordinator and the Transport Community Permanent Secretariat, Railway Corridor VIII is on track to deliver game-changing benefits for the entire region. 

 

The reaffirmed commitment of Bulgaria and North Macedonia sends a clear message: regional cooperation is stronger than ever, and the future of the Western Balkans is firmly on track towards integration with the wider European transport network. 

New regional agreements and EU path reaffirmed at Berlin Summit

Berlin, 15 October 2024 – Leaders from the six Western Balkan countries—Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia—gathered in Berlin for the 10th Anniversary of the Berlin Process Summit, reaffirming their shared commitment to regional cooperation and closer integration with the European Union. Organised by the German Chancellor Olaf Scholz and joined by the European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen, the summit marked a key step towards regional economic integration.     Regional cooperation enhanced by new agreements  The summit culminated in the signing of: 
  • A common regional market plan, designed to promote trade and economic growth by eliminating barriers between countries. 
  • A mobility agreement to improve access to higher education across the region, providing young people with more opportunities to study and work abroad. 
  These agreements are in line with the  €6 billion Growth Plan from the European Union, intended to accelerate economic growth and lay the groundwork for the Western Balkans’ eventual EU membership.    EU enlargement back on track  During the summit, Chancellor Scholz emphasised the EU’s commitment to enlargement, stating: 

“The European Union is only complete with the Western Balkans as part of it. I hope it won’t take another 10 years before all six countries join the bloc.”

German Chancellor Olaf Scholz Von der Leyen echoed this optimism, noting that the EU’s enlargement focus has been reinvigorated: 

“The road to the EU is open, but each country must advance on merit. Progress depends on reforms and regional cooperation, which will ultimately benefit the people.” 

SEPA integration to bring tangible benefits  On the same day as the summit, Gert Jan Koopman, Director-General of EU Neighbourhood and Enlargement, met with the Governors of Central Banks from the Western Balkans:  “It was a pleasure to meet with the governors of the Central Banks from the Western Balkans. We discussed progress on the Growth Plan, in relation to access to SEPA. Facilitating easier cross-border payments will bring tangible benefits for citizens and businesses!”  This initiative aims to integrate the Western Balkans into SEPA (Single Euro Payments Area), streamlining cross-border payments and making transactions more affordable and accessible for businesses and individuals.      Normalisation and conflict resolution remain critical  Chancellor Scholz praised Kosovo’s decision to lift the ban on Serbian goods, calling it a significant step towards fulfilling the CEFTA agreement and improving regional cooperation. Both Scholz and von der Leyen emphasised that resolving outstanding issues between Kosovo and Serbia is crucial for stability and progress towards EU membership.  Von der Leyen stressed: “Regional unity is key, and conflicts must not hinder the path forward.”    Geopolitical challenges addressed  The summit also tackled the rising geopolitical pressures in the region, with von der Leyen highlighting the growing Russian influence in the Western Balkans:  “Russia’s war of aggression in Ukraine has brought clarity—you have to choose the right side of history and align with international law.”